Impact of influenza, herpes zoster, and pneumococcal vaccinations on the incidence of a cardiovascular events in subjects aged over 65 years: a systematic review
Résumé
This systematic review aims to summarise the impact of vaccination against influenza, shingles and pneumococcus on the incidence on the risk of cardiovascular events (CVE) within the elderly.This protocol was developed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. We conducted a literature search and identified all relevant articles published regarding the matter up to September 2022. We retrieved 38 studies (influenza vaccine = 33, pneumococcal vaccine = 5, Zoster vaccine = 2). 28/2 studies have shown that influenza and pneumococcal vaccines lower significantly the risk of cardiovascular disease in the elderly. Also, repeated influenza vaccination shows a consistent and dose-dependent protective effect against acute coronary syndromes and stroke.Moreover, dual influenza and pneumococcal vaccination was associated with lower risks of some cardiovascular events (stroke, congestive heart failure, ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction). However, the impact of PCV13 on cardiovascular events has not been studied, nor the currently recommended vaccination schedule (PCV13+PPV23). As for herpes zoster vaccination, only the protective effect against stroke has been studied with the live attenuated herpes zoster vaccine, but no studies have been conducted with the recombinant subunit herpes zoster vaccine. This review outlines the benefits of the vaccines mentioned above, beyond their preventive action on infectious diseases. It is intended for health professionals who wish to inform and advise their elderly patients.
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